Archive | December, 2022

Phythematics 13-DIY (Do-it-yourself) Laboratories, an alternative to university-based research

24 Dec

«A do-it-yourself (DiY) laboratory is defined as ‘a place where people “do stuff”, create and tinker in a friendly, open, creative and collective atmosphere’ (Meyer 2013).» [1-3].

REFS:

[1] Buddhi Pathak, Mona Ashok, Yin Leng Tan. (2022) Value co-creation in the B2B context: a conceptual framework and its implications. The Service Industries Journal 42:3-4, pages 178-205.

[2] https://www.theguardian.com/higher-education-network/blog/2014/jun/16/diy-labs-exciting-alternative-university-science-research

[3] https://www.theguardian.com/education/series/academics-anonymous

NB-“Phythematics” is meant to be a short calligraphic text containing calculus or content related to science, aiming to maximize understanding of physics and natural processes and helping science benefit society. For the fun of it. Remember, for better learning:

  • Write notes in books
  • Add unique visual notes to digital documents
  • Stick with paper and pen for creative pursuits.

Phythematics 12 – Quantum Hall effect and Berry’s phase

10 Dec

The quantum Hall effect (or integer quantum Hall effect) is a quantized version of the Hall effect which is observed in two-dimensional electron systems subjected to low temperatures and strong magnetic fields, in which the Hall resistance Rxy exhibits steps that take on the quantized values{\displaystyle R_{xy}={\frac {V_{\text{Hall}}}{I_{\text{channel}}}}={\frac {h}{e^{2}\nu }},}{\displaystyle R_{xy}={\frac {V_{\text{Hall}}}{I_{\text{channel}}}}={\frac {h}{e^{2}\nu }},}

where VHall is the Hall voltage, Ichannel is the channel current, e is the elementary charge and h is Planck’s constant. The divisor ν can take on either integer (ν = 1, 2, 3,…) or fractional (ν = 1/3, 2/5, 3/7, 2/3, 3/5, 1/5, 2/9, 3/13, 5/2, 12/5,…) values. Here, ν is roughly but not exactly equal to the filling factor of Landau levels. [1]

REF:

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_Hall_effect

[2] The anaomalous effect, by Xenosum

NB-“Phythematics” is meant to be a short calligraphic text containing calculus aiming to maximize understanding of physics and natural processes. For the fun of it. Remember, for better learning:

  • Write notes in books
  • Add unique visual notes to digital documents
  • Stick with paper and pen for creative pursuits.